Imperial Guard: France's Imperial Guard was the Elite military force of it's time, with Infantry, Cavalry, and Artillery.
Line Infantry: The Line Infantry made up most of the Grande Armée
Grenadiers: The Grenadiers were the elite of the Line Infantry and the veteran Shock troops of the Napoleonic Infantry.
Voltigeurs of the Line: Voltigeurs were elite light infantry of the line regiments
Fusiliers: The Fusiliers made up the majority of a line infantry battalion, and may be considered as the typical infantry-man of the Grande Armée
Carabiniers-à-Pied: The Carabiniers were the Grenadiers of the Légère battalion.
Chasseurs: Chasseurs were the Fusiliers of the Légère battalions.
Cavalry: By decree of the emperor himself, cavalry typically comprised between a fifth and a sixth of the Grande Armée.
Carabiniers-à-Cheval: The elite among all French Heavy cavalry line formations, the two mounted regiments of Carabiniers had a very similar appearance with the Mounted Grenadiers of the Imperial Guard; bearskins, long blue coats, etc.
Cuirassiers: The heavy cavalry, equipped and armed almost like the knights of old with a heavy cuirass (breastplate), and helmets of brass and iron and armed with straight long sabers, pistols, and later carbines.
Dragoons: The medium-weight mainstays of the French cavalry, although considered heavy cavalry, who were used for battle, skirmishing and scouting.
Hussars: These fast, light cavalrymen were the eyes, ears, and egos of the Napoleonic armies. They regarded themselves as the best horsemen and swordsmen in the entire Armée.
Lancers: Some of the most feared cavalrymen in Napoleon's armies were the Polish Lancers of the Vistula Uhlans. Nicknamed Los Diablos Polacos , or The Polish Devilsby the Spanish.
Foot Artillery: As the name indicates, these gunners marched alongside there guns, which were, of course, pulled by horses when limbered (undeployed).
Horse Artillery: The Cavalry were supported by fast moving, fast firing light guns of the Horse Artillery. This arm was a hybrid of cavalry and artillery with their crews riding on their horses or carriages into battle. Because they operated so close to the front lines, the officers and crews were better armed and trained for close quarters combat, mounted and dismounted much as were the Dragoons.
Artillery Train: The Train d'artillerie, was established by Bonaparte in January 1800. It's function was to provide the teamsters and drivers which handled the horses that hauled the artillery's guns. Prior to this, the French, like all other period armies, had employed contracted, civilian teamsters who would sometimes abandon the guns under fire, rendering them immobile, rather than risk their own lives or their valuable teams of horses.
Marines of the Guard: The four regiments of the marines of the Ancien Régime disappeared on the 28th of January, 1794. The Marins (French spelling) of the Grande Armée were divided into the Bataillon des Marins de la Garde Impériale, also known eventually as the Matelots de la Garde, formed on the 17th of September, in 1803, andMatelots des Bataillons de la Marine Impériale of which some 32,000 served with the French Navy at the height of it's expansion by Napoleon.